Debate: House: Debate is limited by the rules formulated in the Rules Committee. The Committee of the Whole debates and amends the bill but cannot technically pass it. Debate is guided by the Sponsoring Committee and time is divided equally between proponents and opponents. The Committee decides how much time to allot to each person.
Amendments must be germane to the subject of a bill - no riders are allowed. The bill is reported back to the House to itself and is voted on. A quorum call is a vote to make sure that there are enough members present to have a final vote. If there is not a quorum, the House will adjourn or will send the Sergeant at Arms out to round up missing members.
Senate: debate is unlimited unless cloture is invoked. Members can speak as long as they want and amendments need not be germane - riders are often offered.
Entire bills can therefore be offered as amendments to other bills. Unless cloture is invoked, Senators can use a filibuster to defeat a measure by "talking it to death. If passed, it is then sent to the other chamber unless that chamber already has a similar measure under consideration. If either chamber does not pass the bill then it dies.
If the House and Senate pass the same bill then it is sent to the President. If the House and Senate pass different bills they are sent to Conference Committee. Most major legislation goes to a Conference Committee.
The committee is usually made up of senior members who are appointed by the presiding officers of the committee that originally dealt with the bill. The representatives from each house work to maintain their version of the bill. If the Conference Committee reaches a compromise, it prepares a written conference report, which is submitted to each chamber.
The conference report must be approved by both the House and the Senate. Motion to Recommit - A motion that requests a bill be sent back to committee for further consideration. Normally, the motion is accompanied by instructions concerning what the committee should change in the legislation or general instructions such as that the committee should hold further hearings. Motion to Table - A motion that is not debatable and that can be made by any Senator or Representative on any pending question.
Agreement to the motion is equivalent to defeating the question tabled. Quorum - The number of Representatives or Senators that must be present before business can begin. In the House members must be present for a quorum. In the Senate 51 members must be present however, Senate can conduct daily business without a quorum unless it is challenged by a point of order. Rider - An informal term for an amendment or provision that is not relevant to the legislation where it is attached.
Substitute Amendment - An amendment that would replace existing language of a bill or another amendment with its own. Veto - A power that allows the President, a Governor or a Mayor to refuse approval of a piece of legislation.
Federally, a President returns a vetoed bill to the Congress, generally with a message. This is a card processor fee. Please know that a recurring donation of the amount and frequency that you selected will be processed and initiated tomorrow.
Continue to secure page ». Government For Teachers. Legislation is Introduced - Any member can introduce a piece of legislation House - Legislation is handed to the clerk of the House or placed in the hopper. Steps in Committee: Comments about the bill's merit are requested by government agencies.
Bill can be assigned to subcommittee by Chairman. Hearings may be held. Subcommittees report their findings to the full committee. Finally there is a vote by the full committee - the bill is "ordered to be reported. If substantial amendments are made, the committee can order the introduction of a "clean bill" which will include the proposed amendments.
This new bill will have a new number and will be sent to the floor while the old bill is discarded. The chamber must approve, change or reject all committee amendments before conducting a final passage vote.
In the House, most bills go to the Rules committee before reaching the floor. The committee adopts rules that will govern the procedures under which the bill will be considered by the House. A "closed rule" sets strict time limits on debate and forbids the introduction of amendments. These rules can have a major impact on whether the bill passes. Debate House: Debate is limited by the rules formulated in the Rules Committee.
If passed, it is then sent to the other chamber unless that chamber already has a similar measure under consideration. If either chamber does not pass the bill then it dies. If the House and Senate pass the same bill then it is sent to the President. If the House and Senate pass different bills they are sent to Conference Committee. Most major legislation goes to a Conference Committee. Conference Committee Members from each house form a conference committee and meet to work out the differences.
The committee is usually made up of senior members who are appointed by the presiding officers of the committee that originally dealt with the bill.
The representatives from each house work to maintain their version of the bill. If the Conference Committee reaches a compromise, it prepares a written conference report, which is submitted to each chamber. In the House, a bill may be placed on Third Reading for a specified date. Third Reading While there are provisions in the House Rules and the Senate Rules for reading bills unless exception is made, in practice, bills are not read in full in either chamber.
In both houses, amendments must be approved by a majority vote of the members serving and the previous question maybe moved and debate cut off by a vote of a majority of the members present and voting. At the conclusion of Third Reading, the bill is either passed or defeated by a roll call vote of the majority of the members elected and serving pursuant to the State Constitution, approval of certain measures requires a "super majority" of a two-thirds or three-fourths vote or one of the following four options is exercised to delay final action on the bill: a the bill is returned to committee for further consideration; b consideration of the bill is postponed indefinitely; c consideration is postponed until a certain date; or d the bill is tabled.
Following either passage or defeat of a bill, a legislator may move for reconsideration of the vote by which the bill was passed or defeated. A motion to reconsider can be made for any question.
In the Senate, the motion for reconsideration must be made within the following two session days; in the House, the motion must be made within the next succeeding session day. Five-Day Rule No bill can become law at any regular session of the Legislature until it has been printed and reproduced and in the possession of each house for at least five days.
Constitution, Art. IV, Sec. Immediate Effect No act shall take effect until the expiration of 90 days from the end of the session at which the measure was enacted.
The Legislature may give immediate effect to an act by a two-thirds vote of the members elected and serving in each house. Enactment by the Legislature If a bill passes, it is sent to the other house of the Legislature where the bill follows the procedure outlined above, resulting in defeat or passage.
If a bill is passed by both houses in identical form, the bill is ordered enrolled by the house in which the bill originated. Following enrollment and printing, the bill is sent to the Governor. If a bill is passed in a different form by the second house, the bill must be returned to the house of origin and one of the following occurs: a. If the amendment s or substitute bill of the second house is accepted in the house of origin, the bill is enrolled, printed, and sent to the Governor.
It should also be noted that either house may amend an amendment made by the other to a bill or joint resolution. At any time while in possession of the bill, either house may recede from its position in whole or in part and the bill may be returned to the other house for this purpose. If this further action is agreed to by both houses, the bill is ordered enrolled.
If the amendment s or substitute proposal of the second house is rejected in the house of origin, the bill is then sent to a conference committee a special committee composed of three legislators from each house which attempts to compromise differences between the two versions of the bill. The conference committee can consider only issues in the bill upon which there is disagreement between the two houses. However, when the agreement arrived at by the conferees is such that it affects other parts of the bill, such as in an appropriations measure, the conferees may recommend further amendments to conform with the agreement.
The conferees may also recommend corrections to any errors in the bill. The conference committee may reach a compromise approved by at least a majority of the conferees from each house, and submit a report to the house of origin. If adopted, the report and bill are transmitted to the second house. If the conference committee report is approved in the second house, the bill is then enrolled, printed, and sent to the Governor.
A conference report may not be amended by either house. If the conference committee is notable to agree, or if the report is rejected by either house, a second conference committee is appointed.
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