However, the full cycle tends to last for 25—30 days. The typical menstrual cycle consists of the following stages:. Learn more about the menstrual cycle here. PMS symptoms typically begin a few days to 2 weeks before the period starts and end when the cycle is over. Learn more about the effects of a period here. Certain factors and conditions can cause a period to last longer than usual.
The sections below describe these factors in more detail. Some people may experience irregular bleeding or spotting for a few months after getting a nonhormonal or hormonal intrauterine device IUD.
Bleeding should return to normal, decrease, or stop altogether once the body adjusts to the new IUD. A person might wish to contact their doctor if they continue to experience heavy menstrual bleeding several months after getting an IUD. This may happen if an IUD punctures the uterine wall, or if the person develops a bacterial infection in the uterus. A doctor may recommend using a different IUD or a different form of birth control if someone experiences heavy menstrual bleeding.
Perimenopause, which causes hormone levels to fluctuate, occurs when the body begins transitioning to menopause. People reach menopause roughly 1 year after their last period. The presence of a mature egg stimulates the production of progesterone, which helps regulate menstrual periods.
However, a lack of progesterone can lead to heavy bleeding. For example, hormonal birth control can help alleviate hot flashes and irregular periods. Getting regular exercise, eating a balanced diet, and getting enough sleep every night can also help make the transition easier for some people. When using progestin-only birth control pills, you may not have a typical menstrual cycle. Some progestin-only pills suppress ovulation, but it depends on the type Bleeding can vary a lot on progestin-only contraceptives.
Changes in period amount happen in response to the changes in hormones. These hormones affect the growing and shedding of your uterine lining. Many people experience irregular bleeding, reduced bleeding, shorter cycles, or amenorrhea no menstrual period with progestin-only pills, especially when pills are not taken at the same time every day Methods like the contraceptive injection and the implant suppress ovulation 16, Unpredictable bleeding, spotting, and prolonged bleeding are common when using these methods, especially during the first few months These symptoms usually improve with time, but they can continue for some people.
This typically results in lighter or occasionally absent bleeding, especially for people who have been using the hormonal IUD for many months or years Many people experience an increased amount of menstrual flow and longer period length while using the copper IUD , especially in the first 6—12 months 14, This may happen due to vascular changes and changes to blood flow in the uterus 20, Bleeding may be accompanied by an increase in large clots and cramping. This is known as spotting and can be caused by a variety of reasons including hormonal birth control HBC , ovulation bleeding , or other physiological reasons 3, If you experience spotting on a regular basis, talk to your healthcare provider as they may need to adjust your birth control if you are using HBC or investigate to find a cause.
Spotting is common in the first weeks of pregnancy, and can also be caused by certain infections and physical changes, which should be addressed with a healthcare provider 7,26, If your period amount is regularly over 80 mL, your period is longer than 8 days in length, or if your menstrual flow is so heavy that you are repeatedly soaking through a pad or tampon every two hours, this is considered heavy menstrual bleeding , and should be discussed with your healthcare provider 9.
Heavy menstrual bleeding can have many potential causes including: fibroids growth of muscle tissue on your uterus , adenomyosis a condition where endometrial tissue invades into the muscular wall of the uterus , problems with blood clotting ex. Thrombocytopenia or Von Willebrand disease , uterine polyps growths on the inside of your uterus , and rarely tumors 31, Prolonged bleeding on hormonal birth control can also be caused by underlying health conditions such as uterine fibroids or an untreated infection 3, If you suspect that your period is prolonged or irregular, speak to your healthcare professional.
When talking to your healthcare provider, show them your tracking history. This can help them identify what might be causing your long periods The length of your typical period is determined by your age, genes, health, body mass index BMI , behaviors, and birth control methods This is why periods can fluctuate during adolescence, after giving birth, during breastfeeding, and during perimenopause the menopausal transition 28, People are less likely to ovulate consistently during these times.
Exercise, smoking cigarettes, and drinking alcohol may also affect period length and heaviness Are vaginal fluids really all that different? In this article, we explain how to identify vaginal discharge, arousal fluid, and cervical fluid. Science is evolving each day on how coronavirus affects pregnancy, lactation, and postpartum.
When you subscribe to Clue Plus, you don't only get new features: you also fund important research, support data privacy, Clue Birth Control. Close main menu Homepage Encyclopedia. Menstrual Cycle. Birth Control. About Clue. App Store Play Store. What is the normal period length for people not on hormonal birth control?
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How to treat a long period. What are possible complications from a long period?
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