Like other types of migraine, harsh lights and electronic screens can be triggers. Straining your eyes by staring at a screen for long periods of time, spending time in fluorescent or other harsh lighting, driving long distances and other taxing visual activities can increase your risk for attacks. Talk to your eye doctor about how to avoid attacks.
For infrequent attacks, medications that target symptoms can be effective, from NSAIDs for pain to anti-nausea medications. Preventative therapies including calcium channel blockers, antiepileptic or tricyclic medications. Quitting smoking is recommended and cessation of oral contraceptives may be advised in certain circumstances.
Some options for relief without drugs can include resting your eyes, removing yourself from bright sunlight or other harsh lighting, and taking a break from looking at a screen. As with all types of migraine, try to avoid triggers like stress, dehydration, high altitude, low blood sugar, excessive heat and extensive time spent staring at a screen. According to the World Health Organization WHO , migraines are caused by the activation of a mechanism deep in the brain that leads to release of pain-producing inflammatory substances around the nerves and blood vessels of the head.
Studies have shown changes in blood flow to the brain during ocular migraines retinal migraines and migraine auras visual migraines. But exactly why this happens remains unclear. Common migraine "triggers" that can cause a person to have a migraine attack both ocular migraines and visual migraines include:. As already noted, visual disturbances caused by ocular migraines and visual migraines typically go away within an hour.
If you are performing tasks that require clear vision when an ocular migraine or visual migraine occurs, stop what you are doing and relax until it passes.
If you're driving, pull of the road, park your vehicle and wait for your vision to return to normal. As soon as possible, see your eye doctor , family physician or a neurologist for evaluation of your migraine episodes. Your doctor s can let you know about the latest medicines for treating migraines, including those that may help prevent future attacks.
It's also a good idea to keep a journal of your diet and daily activities. Doing so can help you identify possible triggers of your ocular migraines retinal migraines or visual migraines migraine auras. Avoiding food items that commonly trigger migraine attacks may help you lower your own risk of experiencing migraine symptoms.
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It often develops as a result of stroke and traumatic brain injuries. The American Migraine Foundation note that if the attacks are not frequent, the treatment will be the same as for other types of migraine. A doctor will not prescribe triptans and ergotamines for a retinal migraine, although people use these to treat or prevent other types of migraine.
There are no specific guidelines for treating a retinal migraine. Most treatments focus on relieving headache pain and reducing exposure to potential retinal migraine triggers.
Vision loss is usually temporary. If it persists or attacks are frequent, the person should seek medical advice. There is a small risk with a retinal migraine that the sudden reduction in blood flow to the eye may damage its retina and blood vessels.
As a result, vision loss is a potential complication of a retinal migraine, according to the American Migraine Foundation. The excessive use of medications can also result in overuse headaches. A review published in found that people who get migraines have a higher risk of medication overuse headaches. Very rarely, a person may have permanent loss of sight following a retinal migraine.
People who experience visual disturbances due to retinal migraines may need to visit an ophthalmologist to check for eye damage or other underlying problems. The main feature of a retinal migraine is a temporary loss or disturbance of vision in one eye.
Attacks vary in frequency, but many people who experience them will have one every few months.
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